Geologic Time - Neogene Period

Summary


Neogene period was the age of Mammals. Neogene period is in tertiary period of Cenozoic era. The period when first hominids , modern forms of whales became exist. Megalodon is the shark that swam the seas by this time.  This period is consisted of 2 Epoch: Pliocene (5-1.8 mya); Miocene (24-5 mya). Miocene is about mammals, bears, horses, monkeys and birds.


Neogene Period.







Project Reflection


1. What did you enjoy most about this project?


I enjoy creating the glog and working with partner, this could help a lot to understand the project. Collaboration is good.


2. What was most challenging about this project? Why?


The most challenging was search the information and write them in own words. I could not understand those professional words. It was hard to find information.


3.What are 3 things that you learned from this project?


I learned that Neogene was the age of mammals. New life was formed in this period, such as sharks, mammoths, bears, etc. And Andes Mountain formed in South America because the movement of tectonic plate. Also high temperature was cause appeared deserts and dry forests in Australia continent.

4. What you change about this project and why?

I do not need to change anything about this project, because my partner and I already changed it many times before. And both of us think that the glog and video is done with careful and detailed.

Extra Credit
Summary


Paleogene was period of made up life in the Earth. The Paleogene consist of 3 epochs: Oligocene, Eocene and Paleocene.  New living thing appeared on this period such as first large mammals, deer, pigs, cats, rhinos, tapirs and new form of whales. First whale appeared in Paleocene epoch between 65 and 54 million years ago.







Paleogene Period.

The Stars

1. What is a star ?

A star is a luminous large ball of hot gas. Because they are light years far away from us, so they look small. But in fact many stars are bigger and brighter than the sun. The center of a star has nuclear fusion to make heat and energy.There are lots of different colors and sizes of stars.


2. Types of Stars

White Dwarf

Giant

 The 4 types of stars: Super Giant, Giant, Main Sequence and White Dwarf. Super Giant stars are large middle age stars, they have medium temperature. Also they are bright stars. Giant stars are large middle age stars. they are irregular range stars on temperature, luminosity and color. Main Sequence stars are medium middle age stars, they are cold and have large range luminosity. White Dwarf are small young stars, they are hot but dim luminous. 

Supergiant

Main Sequence

3. H-R Diagram

The Hertzsprung - Russell diagram is a graphical tool use to classify stars based on their luminosity, spectral class, color, temperature and evolutionary stage.


4. Nuclear Fusion

Stars are made in giant clouds of dust and gas called a stellar nebula. The gravity cause of the cloud get smaller and it become hotter. When the cloud is hot enough, a star is formed while the nuclear reaction will occur in the middle of the cloud. The nuclear reaction is change two hydrogen gas molecules into a helium molecule to make energy. This process is known as nuclear fusion.



5. The Life Cycle of a Star

There are three types life cycle of a star. They all start from stellar nebula which is a giant cloud with dust and gas. Sun-like stars will become red giant. after that, it will become a cloud of dust and gas called planetary nebula, and then it will become white dwarf. After this, it will turn into a cold, dark object called black dwarf. Huge stars and Giant stars both will become red super giant, after they will pass through a giant explosion called supernova. At the end, huge stars will become a small, dense neutron star and Giant stars will become a dead star called black hole.

Jupiter

Jupiter

Planet Order: 5 from the Sun


Distance From the Sun: 778.33 million Km


Mass: 1.9x10²⁷ Kg          Diameter: 142.984 Km


Rotation: 9hours50mins         


Revolution: 11.9 Earth years


# of Moons: 63               Terrestrial or Jovian: Jovian


Planet Description:


Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System. Also the home of the largest storm ever observed. Your can see the Great Red Spot on the surface of Jupiter easily. Its wind blow up to 400 Km per hour in it, lightning hundreds of time more powerful than in any Earth storm. Jupiter has 4 major moons: IO, Europa, Callisto, Ganymede and has other small moons. It's mostly hydrogen and helium mixing with ammonia,methane and sulfur to form colorful swirling clouds. Jupiter has a monster magnetic field.


2 Interesting Facts:

• Jupiter's volume is large enough to contain 1,300 planets the size of Earth.
• Jupiter rotates faster than any planet in the Solar System so that the days are only 9hours50mins long.

Hurricane Irene Project

Critical Thinking


1. What time of year do hurricanes occur? Why do they only happen during that time ?
  
  Hurricane usually form during summer and fall. Because it needs warm ocean water to form storm. Ocean water is not warm enough in spring.


2. How can the timing of the tides(high or low) effect the devastation of a hurricane?


If the storm surge arrives at the same time as the high tide, the water height will be higher. Hurricane will be even more stronger.


3. If an area if fully saturated, will a hurricane have more or less impact on an area ?


Hurricane will have more impact on an area. Because the the area already fully saturated, so water can't enters the ground any more. Groundwater will go up from underground. It will brings flood.


4. How does groundwater saturation affect rivers and streams?


Groundwater will affect the water level of the rivers and streams that connected to it, when the the source of the groundwater can't hold water any more, water might add to the river, the river's water level will rise.

Reflection

1. What is something that you liked about this Mini-Project?


I liked to study how different ways to form a hurricane.

2. What was difficult for you on this project?

It was difficult to find accurate information and do some explaining work.

3. What would you change about your work on this project?

I would change the information that I found which is not clear enough to understand.

4. How did this project help you learn about Hurricane Irene?

I learned that how a hurricane formed while they do rotate clockwise in the warmest part of ocean. How water cycle works, such as evaporation, condensation and precipitation. Also I learned where is groundwater comes from, it can affects the water level of rivers and streams. Flooding can do damage to environment and less economics. And movement of the moon, sun and earth can cause the spring tide and neap tide.